解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection can cause serious diseases and complications in the HIV-positive population. Due to successful vaccination programmes measles, mumps and congenital rubella syndrome has become neglected in Germany. However, recent outbreaks of measles have occurr...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S095026881600217X
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This analysis assessed the utility of the limiting antigen avidity assay (LAg). Samples of people who inject drugs (PWID) in Greece with documented duration of HIV-1 infection were tested by LAg. A LAg-normalized optical density (ODn) ⩽1·5 corresponds to a recency window period of 130 days. The proportion true recent ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816002417
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis in humans worldwide. In the United States, widespread detection of antibodies to leptospirosis have been identified in feral swine (Sus scrofa) with the highest detection of serovars, Bratislava, Icterohaemorrhagiae, and Pomona. Over the past few years, feral swine populat...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816002247
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) for assessing the potential risk of dengue virus emergence and distribution in Western Australia (WA) is presented and used to identify possible hotspots of dengue outbreaks in summer and winter. The model assesses the probabilities of two kinds of events which must take place before an...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816002090
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::South Africa's paediatric antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme is managed using a monitoring and evaluation tool known as TIER.Net. This electronic system has several advantages over paper-based systems, allowing profiling of the paediatric ART programme over time. We analysed anonymized TIER.Net data for HIV-infect...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816001916
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Public Health England conducts enhanced national surveillance of tetanus, a potentially life-threatening vaccine-preventable disease. A standardized questionnaire was used to ascertain clinical and demographic details of individuals reported with clinically suspected tetanus. The 96 cases identified between 2001 and 2...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881600128X
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estimation of farm prevalence is common in veterinary research. Typically, not all animals within the farm are sampled, and imperfect tests are used. Often, assumptions about herd sizes and sampling proportions are made, which may be invalid in smallholder settings. We propose an alternative method for estimating farm...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816001825
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bartonellae are blood- and vector-borne Gram-negative bacteria, recognized as emerging pathogens. Whole-blood samples were collected from 58 free-ranging lions (Panthera leo) in South Africa and 17 cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) from Namibia. Blood samples were also collected from 11 cheetahs (more than once for some of ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816001394
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Portugal, the recommended age for the second dose of MMR (MMR2) was changed from 10-13 years to 5-6 years for those born in 1994 and afterwards. This study aimed to assess if MMR schedule and time elapsed from the last dose are associated with the concentration of rubella and mumps IgG antibodies. Three Portuguese ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816001655
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two cases of hospital-acquired listeriosis were linked to a commercially produced, pasteurized ice cream mix. Manufacturers should implement safety measures from the Food Safety Modernization Act to minimize the risk of Listeria contamination. Dietary guidelines for persons at high risk of listeriosis may need revisio...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815003039
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella spp. is the causative agent of a foodborne disease called salmonellosis, which is the second most commonly reported gastrointestinal infection in the European Union (EU). Although over the years the annual number of cases of foodborne salmonellosis within the EU has decreased markedly, in 2014, a total of 8...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S0950268816001540
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Sweden, acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) incidence, severity, impact on productivity, related healthcare usage and associated costs are not ascertained. We measured these in 2013-2014 using a population-based cohort reporting weekly. We defined AGI as ⩾3 episodes of loose stools or vomiting/24 h; or loose stool...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816000467
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to describe the diurnal shedding dynamics of Escherichia coli O157 in cattle managed on pasture. The purpose was to identify the value of a single measurement for predicting the shedding status on subsequent days. Over a 14-day period, 24 beef cows with known E. coli O157 shedding status were sampled ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816001588
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::During one week in July 2012, two patients from the same ward at the municipal hospital in Vaasa, Finland, were diagnosed with septicaemia caused by Listeria monocytogenes. An outbreak investigation revealed eight concomitant cases of febrile gastroenteritis caused by L. monocytogenes on the same ward. Median age of t...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815002563
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) causes haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in humans, an endemic disease in Finland. We aimed to study recent trends in PUUV infections in Finland, to evaluate whether there are regional differences in seasonality and long-term cycles and whether the patterns have changed over time. We ana...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816000765
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dengue is the world's most prevalent mosquito-borne disease, with more than 200 million people each year becoming infected. We used a mechanistic virus transmission model to determine whether climate warming would change dengue transmission in Australia. Using two climate models each with two carbon emission scenarios...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881600162X
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::During June-August 2013, 25 US states reported 631 cyclosporiasis cases including Nebraska and Iowa where a regional investigation implicated common-source imported salad mix served in two chain restaurants. At least two common-origin growing fields were likely sources of contaminated romaine lettuce. Using producer- ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815002320
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over 10% of acute rotavirus gastroenteritis (ARGE) requires hospitalization because of complications. The aggravating factors have been widely analysed, but in an isolated way. We aimed to explore the interrelationship between the clinical and epidemiological factors that characterize rotavirus hospitalizations in Spa...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816000881
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most influenza virus infections are associated with mild disease. One approach to estimate the occurrence of influenza virus infections in individuals is via repeated measurement of humoral antibody titres. We used baseline and convalescent antibody titres measured by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and viral neutra...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816000583
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Healthcare workers (HCWs) reporting no history of varicella frequently receive varicella vaccination (vOka) if they test varicella-zoster virus (VZV) immunoglobulin G (IgG) negative. In this study, the utilities of VZV-IgG time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (VZV-TRFIA) and a commercial VZV-IgG purified glycoprotei...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816000595
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent polio outbreaks in Syria and Ukraine, and isolation of poliovirus from asymptomatic carriers in Israel have raised concerns that polio might endanger Europe. We devised a model to calculate the time needed to detect the first case should the disease be imported into Europe, taking the effect of vaccine coverage...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816000078
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple cases of atypical scrapie in the same holding and co-existence with classical scrapie have been reported in Great Britain. A two-stage simulation tool was developed by combining a sampling algorithm and a hierarchical Bayesian model to simulate the number of positive cases of atypical scrapie from: (i) random...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816000303
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite national guidance recommending testing and vaccination of household contacts of hepatitis B-infected pregnant women, provision and uptake of this is sub-optimal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of in-home dried blood spot (DBS) testing to increase testing and vaccination of household contacts of ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815003325
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bartonella spp. are endemic in wild rodents in many parts of the world. A study conducted in two northern California counties (Sonoma and Yolo) sampling California ground squirrels (Otospermophilus beecheyi) and four other rodent species (Peromyscus maniculatus, P. boylii, P. truei and Neotoma fuscipes) led to the iso...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816000108
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nebovirus is a new genus of viruses belonging to the Caliciviridae family recently characterized in cattle, and is associated with gastrointestinal disorders, such as diarrhoea, anorexia and intestinal lesions particularly in calves. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of neboviruses in Brazilian c...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816000029
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging vector-borne arbovirus with a zoonotic life-cycle whose main reservoir hosts are birds. In humans and horses, WNV infections rarely result in clinical disease but on occasions - depending on factors such as climatic conditions, insect communities and background immunity levels in l...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816000133
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the most commonly identified infectious aetiologies of encephalitis in North America and Europe. The epidemiology of encephalitis beyond these regions, however, is poorly defined. During 2009-2012 we enrolled 313 patients in a multicentre prospective study of encephalitis in Peru, ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S0950268815003222
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among the most prevalent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains worldwide is the Beijing genotype, which has caused large outbreaks of tuberculosis (TB). Characteristics facilitating the dissemination of Beijing family strains remain unknown, but they are presumed to have been acquired through evolution of the linea...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881500312X
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mathematical modelling is an important tool for understanding the dynamics of the spread of infectious diseases, which could be the result of a natural outbreak or of the intentional release of pathogenic biological agents. Decision makers and policymakers responsible for strategies to contain disease, prevent epidemi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815002939
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed prevalence of and risk factors for candidaemia following Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) using longitudinal population-based surveillance. Of 13 615 adults with CDI, 113 (0·8%) developed candidaemia in the 120 days following CDI. In a matched case-control analysis, severe CDI and CDI treatment with v...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815003027
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In long-term care facilities (LTCFs), the elderly are apt to be infected because those with latent tuberculosis infections (LTBIs) are at an increased risk for reactivation and post-primary TB disease. We report an outbreak of TB in staff and residents in a LTCF. An outbreak investigation was conducted after two TB ca...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815002265
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA) is becoming increasingly established in Asian hospitals. The primary aim of this study was to decompose the risk factors for HA-MRSA based on conceptual clinical pathways. The secondary aim was to show the amount of effect attributable to antibiot...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815002733
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Germany has been an officially bovine tuberculosis (bTB)-free (OTF) country since 1996. Gradually rising numbers of bTB herd incidents due to Mycobacterium bovis and M. caprae in North-Western and Southern Germany during the last few years prompted the competent authorities to conduct a nationwide bTB survey in 2013/2...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815001995
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although outbreaks of acute respiratory infection (ARI) at shelters are hypothesized to be associated with shelter crowding, no studies have examined this relationship. We conducted a retrospective study by reviewing medical records of evacuees presenting to one of the 37 clinics at the shelters in Ishinomaki city, Ja...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815001715
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To identify predictive factors and mortality of patients with influenza admitted to intensive care units (ICU) we carried out a prospective cohort study of patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza in adult ICUs in a network of Canadian hospitals between 2006 and 2012. There were 626 influenza-positive...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815002113
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonella enterica causes an estimated 1 million domestically acquired foodborne illnesses annually. Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) is among the top three serovars of reported cases of Salmonella. We examined trends in SE foodborne outbreaks from 1973 to 2009 using Joinpoint and Poisson regression. The ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815001867
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed if there has been a decline in the median number of reported lifetime sexual partners in Kenya following the AIDS epidemic. The Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare the median and interquartile range (IQR) of the number of lifetime sexual partners for men aged 20-54 years in the 1993 and 2008 Kenyan ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026881500165X
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on the incidence of pneumococcal meningitis (PM) in children is unknown. To determine this impact, a descriptive multicentre retrospective cohort study was conducted from 2008 to 2013 in northern France. All laboratory-confirmed PM in children aged <18...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/S095026881500179X
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2013, an unusual increase of paratyphoid fever cases in travellers returning from Cambodia was reported in Japan. From December 2012 to September 2013, 18 cases of Salmonella Paratyphi A infection were identified. Microbiological analyses revealed that most isolates had the same clonal identity, although the epidem...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815001648
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Waterborne disease outbreaks (WBDO) of acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) are a public health concern in France. Their occurrence is probably underestimated due to the lack of a specific surveillance system. The French health insurance database provides an interesting opportunity to improve the detection of these ev...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268815001673
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00